{"id":2660,"date":"2021-06-02T03:16:36","date_gmt":"2021-06-02T03:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hqeialdi5a.wpdns.site\/?p=2660"},"modified":"2024-02-28T01:33:38","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T01:33:38","slug":"design-and-analysis-of-hydraulic-press-circuit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yaiwo.com\/es\/design-and-analysis-of-hydraulic-press-circuit\/","title":{"rendered":"Design And Analysis of Hydraulic Press Circuit"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>Tiempo de lectura estimado: <\/span>22<\/span> minutos<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In modern machinery, the applied hydraulic transmission system is composed of some basic circuits. The so-called basic circuit is a typical oil circuit composed of related hydraulic components to complete specific functions. By mastering their working principles, composition, and characteristics, these circuits can be selected correctly and reasonably according to the machine’s working performance, requirements, and working conditions to form the complete hydraulic system required. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dise\u00f1o de bucle de control de presi\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El circuito de control de presi\u00f3n es un circuito que utiliza una v\u00e1lvula de control de presi\u00f3n para controlar la presi\u00f3n total o parcial del sistema. El circuito de presi\u00f3n controlado por la v\u00e1lvula de presi\u00f3n se puede utilizar para realizar el control de estabilizaci\u00f3n de voltaje, descompresi\u00f3n, refuerzo y regulaci\u00f3n de presi\u00f3n de m\u00faltiples etapas para cumplir con los requisitos de los actuadores en t\u00e9rminos de fuerza y par. Las v\u00e1lvulas de presi\u00f3n de los componentes est\u00e1ndar incluyen v\u00e1lvulas de rebose, v\u00e1lvulas reductoras de presi\u00f3n, v\u00e1lvulas de secuencia y v\u00e1lvulas reductoras de presi\u00f3n unidireccionales, y v\u00e1lvulas de secuencia unidireccionales que se combinan en paralelo con v\u00e1lvulas unidireccionales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A pressure regulating circuit is a system that controls operating pressure so that it does not exceed a certain – pre-tuned value, or so that the working mechanism has different pressures during the various stages of movement. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Selecci\u00f3n del m\u00e9todo de regulaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Circuito limitador de presi\u00f3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    A relief valve is best used to limit the maximum pressure in a hydraulic circuit. Figure 1 shows a common circuit for pressure processing machinery. The low-pressure relief valve1 is used to maintain the piston from falling by its self-weight when the piston of the cylinder rises (not working) to the end. This saves power consumption and avoids the heating of oil from the relief valve. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
      \n
    • Pressure remote control circuit Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

      As shown in Figure 2, when the solenoid three-way valve is demagnetized, the circuit pressure is set at 10MPa for the main relief valve; when the solenoid three-way valve is excited and the path between the main valve and the remote relief valve a or b is changed through the four-way solenoid valve, the pressure of the main circuit can be converted to 7MPa or 5MPa. The capacity of each valve, except for the main valve, all other small flow valves are used. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"1.
      1. Pressure limiting circuit    2. Pressure remote control circuit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Circuito de regulaci\u00f3n de presi\u00f3n secundaria<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        In Figure 3, when the cylinder piston rises, falls and the piston remains in the highest position, the oil circuit pressure is p2=5MPa (the left high-pressure pump unloads). However, when the piston reaches the bottom, the load increases, and the pressure relay acts to manipulate the solenoid three-way valve so that p1=10MPa and high-pressure oil enter the circuit. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"3.
        3. Secondary pressure regulating circuit   4. Pressure regulating circuit for compound pumps<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • Circuito regulador de presi\u00f3n para bombas compuestas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          In the design, the capacity of the pump must be adapted to the requirements of work and reduce the generation of unwanted heat at low-speed drives. The Figure 4 circuit is electrically controlled and can operate at various flow rates and oil pressures as required to maintain maximum circuit efficiency, with the advantages offered by a pressure compensated variable pumps. The operating oil circuit of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve in the circuit is led from the remote port of the relief valve, preventing shocks caused by the switching of the main reversing valve. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2. Ajuste de par\u00e1metros de presi\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
          \n
            \n
          • Presi\u00f3n de ajuste incorrecta de la v\u00e1lvula de alivio<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

            The set pressure of the relief valve is not appropriate, resulting in the hydraulic cylinder movement speed does not meet the requirements. Figure 5 circuit requires smooth movement when lifting, a large range of speed adjustment and the piston can stop at any position. But in operation, when adjusting the rising speed of the lift, the speed does not change in a wide range, only when the throttle valve opening is adjusted to a very small, the rising speed will change, not up to the proper performance requirements. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            This is the reason why the pressure of the relief valve is adjusted high. The pressure of the relief valve should be set to the hydraulic pump working pressure is exactly equal to the hydraulic cylinder load pressure and pump all the flow through the throttle valve and the required pressure drop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • Improper pressure tuning parameters Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              Improper pressure setting parameters lead to high oil temperature in the constant pressure pump supply system. In the hydraulic circuit of the constant pressure pump shown in Figure 6, improper pressure setting parameters lead to high oil temperature during system operation. The reason for the above problem is due to the pressure valve 1 set system pressure Pr, lower than the valve 2 regulating spring set pressure Pt\u00a0so that the constant pressure pump always work under the maximum displacement, excess flow to pressure Pr, <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              overflow back to the tank, and all transformed into heat so that the system temperature rises, so the valve 1 as a safety valve, the pressure is adjusted to the highest pressure than the system required 0.5 ~ 1MPa, the above problem can be solved. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \"5.
              5. Displacement lift hydraulic system         6. Constant pressure pump hydraulic circuit   1- Pressure valve 2-Valve<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • Ejemplo de fallo de ajuste de par\u00e1metros de presi\u00f3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                In the quantitative pump pressure control circuit shown in Figure 7, the hydraulic pump is quantitative, and the three-way four-way reversing valve neutral function is Y type. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder stops running, the system does not unload, hydraulic pump outputs pressure oil all the pressure oil output from the hydraulic pump is overflowed back to the tank by the relief valve. The relief valve in the system is YF type pilot-operated. The structure of the valve is a three-stage concentric type. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                . Problemas<\/strong>: When the reversing valve in the system is placed in the neutral position and pressure of the relief valve is adjusted, it is found that the relief valve works normally when pressure value is below 10MPa; when pressure is adjusted to any pressure value higher than 10MPa, the system emits a screeching sound like a blowing flute, at which time the pressure gage pointer can be seen to vibrate violently. After testing, the noise was found to have come from the relief valve. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                . An\u00e1lisis<\/strong>: In the three-stage coaxial high-pressure relief valve, the main spool has two sliding spools with the valve body and cover. If the co axiality of the bore after the assembly of the valve body and cover exceeds the design requirements, the main spool cannot move flexibly, but stick to one side of the bore to do the abnormal movement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                When pressure is adjusted to a certain value, it will inevitably provoke the main spool to vibrate. This vibration is not the regular vibration of the main spool in working movement, but the high-frequency vibration caused by the main spool stuck in a certain position (at this time because the main spool is also subjected to hydraulic clamping force).\u00a0This high-frequency vibration will certainly cause strong vibration of the spring, especially the regulating spring, and noise resonance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                In addition, since the high-pressure oil does not overflow through the normal overflow port, but overflows back to the tank through the stuck overflow port and the internal drainage channel, this high-pressure oil flow will emit a high-frequency fluid noise. This vibration and noise are excited under the specific operating conditions of the system, which is the reason why it does not squeal at pressures below 10 MPa. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \"7.
                7. Circuito de control de presi\u00f3n de bomba cuantitativa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                . Soluciones: <\/strong>The manufacturing accuracy of the YF type relief valve is relatively high. The coaxiality of the inner and outer circular surface of the connecting part of the valve cover and the valve body, and the coaxiality of the outer circular surface of the three shoulders of the main spool should be within the specified range. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                In addition, the damping hole on the main spool has a damping effect when the main spool vibrates. When the working fluid viscosity is low or the temperature is too high, the damping effect will be reduced accordingly, therefore, the selection of the appropriate viscosity of the fluid and the control system temperature rise too high is also conducive to vibration and noise reduction. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • Problema de falla de ajuste de par\u00e1metros de presi\u00f3n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • The pressure can’t be adjusted up. The main reason is that the regulating spring of the relief valve is too soft, wrongly installed, or omitted; the main valve damping hole of the pilot-operated relief valve is blocked, the slide valve is under the action of oil pressure at the lower end to overcome the liquid pressure of the upper chamber and the spring force of the main valve, so that the main valve moves up, the regulating spring loses its controlling effect on the main valve, so the main valve opens the relief port overflow at a lower pressure; the spool and the valve seat are not closed tightly, and the leakage is serious; the spool is stuck in the open position by burrs or other dirt. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • The pressure is too high to adjust down.The main reason is that the spool is stuck in the closed position by burrs or dirt, and the main valve cannot be open; when installed, the inlet and outlet of the valve are connected wrongly, and there is no pressure oil to push the spool to move, so the spool cannot be opened; the damping hole in front of the pilot valve is blocked, resulting in the main valve cannot be opened. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Large pressure oscillation. The main reasons are air mixed in the oil; poor contact between the spool and the valve seat; the diameter of the damping hole is too large and the damping effect is weak; resonance is generated; the spool moves inflexibly in the valve body. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  For the above problems, the circuit design, component selection, component parameters, and system adjustment, piping installation, hydraulic oil use, etc. Can be targeted to improve the processing. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  3. Problemas en el circuito de regulaci\u00f3n secundario<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • Problema de choque de presi\u00f3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    In the secondary\u00a0regulating circuit shown in Figure 8 (a), when 1DT is not energized, the system pressure is regulated by relief valve 2; when 1DT is energized, the system pressure is regulated by relief valve 3, the pressure switching of this circuit is realized by valve 4, when the pressure is switched from p1 to p2 (p1>p2) because there is no pressure in the oil circuit between valve 4 and valve 3 before switching, so when valve 4 is switched (1DT is energized), the instantaneous pressure at the remote port of relief valve 2 drops from p1 to almost zero and then rises to p2, the system naturally produces a large pressure shock. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"8.
                    8. Circuito regulador secundario (I)
                    1. Bombas hidr\u00e1ulicas
                    2,3-V\u00e1lvula de alivio
                    4. Electrov\u00e1lvula bidireccional de dos posiciones<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    M\u00e9todo de exclusi\u00f3n<\/strong>: As shown in Figure 8 (b), valve 4 is connected to the outlet of valve 3, i.e., the position of valve 4 is interchanged with valve 3. Since the remote control port from valve 2 to valve 4 is often filled with pressure oil, the system pressure drops from p1 to p2 when valve 4 is switched, which will not produce excessive pressure shock. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    • The problem of long boost time when regulating pressure Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      En el circuito de regulaci\u00f3n secundario que se muestra en la Figura 9, cuando la tuber\u00eda de control remoto es larga y el sistema cambia del estado de descarga (la v\u00e1lvula 3 est\u00e1 en la posici\u00f3n media) al estado de refuerzo (la v\u00e1lvula 3 est\u00e1 en la posici\u00f3n izquierda o derecha). ), el tiempo de refuerzo es largo porque la tuber\u00eda de control remoto est\u00e1 conectada a la piscina de aceite y el aceite a presi\u00f3n tiene que llenar la tuber\u00eda de control remoto primero antes de impulsar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \"9.
                      9. Circuito de regulaci\u00f3n de presi\u00f3n secundaria (II)
                      1 \u2013 bomba hidr\u00e1ulica; 2 - v\u00e1lvula de alivio pilotada; 3 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula de inversi\u00f3n;
                      4 \u2013 electrov\u00e1lvula bidireccional de dos posiciones; 5 - v\u00e1lvula de retenci\u00f3n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                      Tenga en cuenta la pregunta<\/strong>: Try to shorten the remote control pipeline, and add a back pressure valve (or check valve) at the remote control pipeline return 5, so that there is certain pressure so that boost time can be shortened. In the remote regulating circuit, the minimum regulating value of the relief valve is increased, and at the same time, the fault of hysteresis in action is generated. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      The reason for this failure is that the piping between the main relief valve and the remote pilot relief valve is too long (for example, more than 10m) and the pressure loss in the remote control pipe is too large. Therefore, the remote control pipeline should not exceed 5m in general. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      4. Interferencia entre v\u00e1lvulas de presi\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      • Sistema hidr\u00e1ulico de bomba doble<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                        In the hydraulic system shown in Figures 10, hydraulic pumps 1 and 2 supply pressure oil to hydraulic cylinders 7 and 8, respectively, and reversing valves 5 and 6 are three-way, four-way, Y-type solenoid-operated reversing valves. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \"10.
                        10. Sistema hidr\u00e1ulico de bomba doble
                        1,2-Bombas Hidr\u00e1ulicas; 3,4-V\u00e1lvula de alivio; 5,6-V\u00e1lvula direccional; 7,8-Cilindro hidr\u00e1ulico<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                        . Problema<\/strong>: When the hydraulic pump is started and the system begins to run, the pressure of relief valves 3 and 4 is unstable, and vibration occurs and noise is emitted. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        La prueba muestra que cuando solo funciona una v\u00e1lvula de alivio, su presi\u00f3n de regulaci\u00f3n es estable y no hay vibraciones ni ruidos evidentes. Cuando dos v\u00e1lvulas de alivio funcionan al mismo tiempo, ocurre la falla mencionada anteriormente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        From the hydraulic system, it can be seen that the two relief valves are not connected other than a common return line. The fault is caused by this common return line. From the relief valve structure performance can be seen, the relief valve control oil channel for the internal drain. That is, the pressure oil before the relief valve into the valve, through the damping hole into the control volume cavity, when the pressure rises, the hydraulic pressure acting on the valve to overcome the regulating spring, open the cone valve port pressure reduction, <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        the oil flow through the valve body orifice into the relief valve return cavity, and the main valve port overflow oil confluence through the return line together back to the tank, so in the relief valve return, Therefore, in the oil return line of the relief valve, the flow state of the oil directly affects the adjustment pressure of the relief valve. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        Pressure shock, back pressure, and other fluid fluctuations directly on the pilot valve cone valve, so the pressure in the control cavity also increased, and shock and fluctuations, resulting in unstable pressure adjustment relief valve, easy to provoke vibration and noise. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        . Soluci\u00f3n: <\/strong>The oil return lines of the two relief valves should be placed back to the tank separately to avoid mutual interference. If due to some factors, must be combined back to the tank, should be combined after the return pipe thicker, and the two relief valves are changed to external leakage type, that is, after the cone valve mouth of the oil and the main valve return cavity is separated, a separate connection back to the tank becomes external leakage type relief valve. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        • Sistema hidr\u00e1ulico de mesa elevadora<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                          As shown in Figure 11 circuit, each circuit acts separately, the two circuits correspond to the same specifications of hydraulic components and the same piping diameter. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \"11.
                          11. sistema hidr\u00e1ulico de la mesa elevadora
                          1,2-bomba hidr\u00e1ulica; V\u00e1lvula de rebose de 3,4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                          Problemas<\/strong>: When two hydraulic pumps start working at the same time, the pressure adjusted by relief valves 3 and 4 fluctuates greatly, and vibration and noise occur. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          The test shows that when a pump starts a single-cylinder operation, the relief valve adjusts pressure stable, with no obvious vibration and noise. while when two pumps start at the same time, that is, when the two relief valves work at the same time, the above-mentioned failure occurs. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          You can see Figure 11, the two relief valves share a common return line and no other connections. The fault lies in this common pipe. If the total return pipe is still designed according to the diameter of the separate circuit, when the two pumps supply oil at the same time, it will certainly increase the backpressure of the return port of the relief valve. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          It can be seen that when the two pumps work at the same time, the laminar flow state, the total return line along the resistance loss increased by 1 time. Turbulent flow state, increased by 3 times, that is, the relief valve return port back pressure increased by 1 or 3 times. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          From the relief valve structure and working principle, they control the oil to enter the control volume cavity through the damping hole on the main spool. When the pressure rises to overcome the pressure regulating spring force of the pilot valve, the pressure oil opens the pilot valve port, <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          and the oil flows through the valve port to lower the pressure and then flows into the return cavity of the relief valve through the drainage channel in the valve body and the oil overflowing from the main valve port converges and flows back to the oil tank together through the return pipeline. Therefore, the flow state of the oil flow in the return line of the relief valve directly affects the adjustment pressure of the relief valve. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          When the two pumps work at the same time, the two relief valves share the same return line, the interaction of the two streams of oil flow, it is easy to produce pressure fluctuations, while the relief valve returns port backpressure changes significantly, under the mutual interference of these two factors, the pressure of the oil in the control cavity of the relief valve also changes, which will inevitably lead to unstable pressure adjustment of the relief valve, and accompanied by vibration and noise. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          To eliminate the above-mentioned problems, you can increase the diameter of the return pipe of the two relief valves, and replace the two relief valves with external leakage type, that is, the oil flowing through the pilot valve orifice will flow back to the tank separately from the other leakage pipe, or configure the two relief valves with their return pipes to avoid mutual interference. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \n
                          • Multiple relief valve resonance problems Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                            En la Figura 12 (a), las bombas 1 y 2 tienen la misma especificaci\u00f3n cuantitativa, mientras que suministran aceite hidr\u00e1ulico al sistema, la v\u00e1lvula de inversi\u00f3n de tres v\u00edas y cuatro v\u00edas 7 funciones neutras para el tipo Y, la v\u00e1lvula de alivio 3 y 4 tienen la misma especificaci\u00f3n. respectivamente, instalado en el puerto de salida de la bomba 1 y el camino del aceite de la bomba 2, para alivio de presi\u00f3n fijo con. La presi\u00f3n de la v\u00e1lvula de alivio se establece en 14MPa, el sistema emite un silbido similar al de una sirena cuando comienza a funcionar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            After debugging found that the noise from the relief valve, and found that when only one side of the pump and relief valve work, the noise disappears, both sides of the pump work at the same time, a whistling sound. It can be seen that the reason for the noise is the resonance of the two relief valves under the action of the fluid. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            According to the operating principle of the relief valve, the relief valve is working under the interaction of liquid pressure and spring force, so it is very easy to Stimulates vibration and makes noise. Once the pressure oil at the inlet and outlet of the relief valve and the control port fluctuates, that is, the hydraulic shock, the main spool, <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            cone valve and its interaction with the spring in the relief valve should vibrate, and the degree of vibration and its state changes with the fluid pressure shock and fluctuation conditions. Therefore, the more stable the oil flow associated with the relief valve, the more stable the relief valve can work, and vice versa, it cannot work stably. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \"12.
                            (a) sistema de mejora previa (b) sistema mejorado
                            12. sistema con resonancia de v\u00e1lvula de alivio
                            1.2 bomba constante; 3.4 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula de alivio; 5,6,9,10 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula de retenci\u00f3n; 7 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula inversora de tres v\u00edas y cuatro v\u00edas; 8 \u2013 cilindro hidr\u00e1ulico; 11 \u2013 regulador remoto<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                            In the above system, the pressure oil output from the double pump merges after the check valve, fluid shock and fluctuations occur, causing the check valve to oscillate, which leads to unstable pressure oil at the outlet of the hydraulic pump. And because the pump output pressure oil is originally pulsating, so the pump output pressure oil will fluctuate strongly, and provoke the relief valve vibration. And because the inherent frequency of the two relief valves is the same, it causes the relief valve resonance and emits abnormal noise. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            M\u00e9todo de exclusi\u00f3n<\/strong>: The exclusion method will relieve valve 3 and 4 with a large capacity relief valve instead, placed in the double pump merge, so that although the relief valve will also vibrate, but not too strong because of the exclusion of the resonance conditions. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            . Escalonar la presi\u00f3n de ajuste de las dos v\u00e1lvulas de alivio en aproximadamente 1MPa tambi\u00e9n puede evitar la resonancia. En este momento, si la presi\u00f3n de trabajo del cilindro hidr\u00e1ulico est\u00e1 entre 13 MPa y 14 MPa, el valor de ajuste de la v\u00e1lvula de alivio aumentar\u00e1 respectivamente, de modo que la presi\u00f3n m\u00ednima de ajuste cumpla con los requisitos de trabajo del cilindro hidr\u00e1ulico y el valor de diferencia de presi\u00f3n de A\u00fan debe mantenerse 1MPa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            . Change the above circuit to the form of Figure 12 (b), that is, the remote control ports of the two relief valves are connected to a remote regulator 11, the adjustment pressure of the system is determined by the regulator and has no direct relationship with the pilot valve of the relief valve, but to ensure that the set pressure value of the pilot valve regulator spring must be higher than the maximum adjustment pressure of the regulator. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Debido a que el rango de presi\u00f3n de ajuste del regulador remoto debe ser menor que la presi\u00f3n de ajuste de la v\u00e1lvula piloto de la v\u00e1lvula de alivio para que funcione de manera efectiva, de lo contrario, el regulador remoto no funcionar\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            5. <\/strong>Problemas de fugas en el circuito de aceite de control de la v\u00e1lvula de alivio<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                            In the circuit shown in Figure 13(a), the system has two oil supply systems because the equipment requires continuous operation and does not allow downtime for repair. When one oil supply system fails, the other oil supply system can start immediately to make the equipment run normally and then repair the failed oil supply system. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            The performance specifications of the components of the oil supply system to which pump 1 and pump 2 belong are identical. The primary pressure is regulated by relief valves 3 and 4, and the secondary pressure is regulated by remote regulator 9. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            However, when the system belonging to pump 2 stops supplying oil and only pump 1 is running, the system pressure does not go up, even when the electro-hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the middle position, pump 1 output oil circuit still cannot rise to the required pressure value. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \"13.
                            13. Ilustraci\u00f3n de fuga del circuito de aceite de control de la v\u00e1lvula de alivio
                            1.2 \u2013 bomba hidr\u00e1ulica; 3.4 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula de alivio; 5.6 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula de retenci\u00f3n; 7 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula de inversi\u00f3n; 8 \u2013 cilindro hidr\u00e1ulico; 9 \u2013 regulador remoto
                            10-v\u00e1lvula solenoide; 11,12-v\u00e1lvula de retenci\u00f3n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                            After debugging, it was found that the maximum pressure of pump 1 could only reach 12MPa when running, and the design requirement should reach 14MPa. when the pressure regulator knob of relief valve 3 and remote regulator 9 were tightened, the pressure still could not go up. When the oil temperature is 40\u2103, the pressure rises to 12MPa; when the oil temperature rises to 55\u2103, the pressure can only rise to 10MPa. separately tested the pump and other components, no quality problems were found. The indicators meet the performance requirements. Components no problem, combined into the system pressure does not go up, should analyze the system components combined with the mutual impact. Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            When pump 1 is working, pressure oil enters the lower end of the main spool from the inlet of relief valve 3. And flows into the spring chamber at the upper end of the main spool through the damping hole. Then enters the spring chamber at the upper end of the main spool of relief valve 4 through the remote control port of relief valve 3 and the external oil pipe, and flows downward through the lower chamber of the main spool through the damping hole, and flows backward from the inlet of relief valve 4 into the discharge pipe of pump 2, which is stopped.\u00a0 Hydraulic Press Circuit<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Ser\u00e1n dos situaciones: a. la v\u00e1lvula de retenci\u00f3n 6 no cierra; B. la bomba 2 fuera del aceite a presi\u00f3n de la tuber\u00eda har\u00e1 que la bomba 2 como un motor hidr\u00e1ulico invierta el micromovimiento o a trav\u00e9s del espacio de la bomba 2 fluya hacia el tanque. Entonces, el puerto de control remoto de la v\u00e1lvula de alivio 3 filtra aceite hidr\u00e1ulico al tanque y ocurrir\u00e1 la falla de presi\u00f3n mencionada anteriormente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Dado que hay un dispositivo de estrangulamiento establecido en la l\u00ednea de aceite de control, el aceite en la l\u00ednea de aceite de control remoto de la v\u00e1lvula de alivio 3 fluye de regreso al tanque bajo cierta condici\u00f3n de resistencia de estrangulamiento, por lo que la presi\u00f3n no est\u00e1 completamente ausente. Por esta raz\u00f3n, la v\u00e1lvula de alivio 3 rebosa entonces a una presi\u00f3n inferior a la presi\u00f3n requerida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            La figura 13 (b) muestra el circuito mejorado con las v\u00e1lvulas de retenci\u00f3n 11 y 12, la tuber\u00eda de salida a la bomba 2 est\u00e1 cortada, eliminando la falla anterior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            6. Problema de cierre de salida de bomba hidr\u00e1ulica<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                            Figure 14(a) shows a pressure regulating circuit, which can switch the system pressure between the two pressures regulated by relief valve 1 and relief valve 2. When reversing valve 3 is in the left position, the system pressure is regulated by relief valve 1, and in the right position by relief valve 2, the system unload in the middle position. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            System use for some time after the hose burst accident. After analysis: The unreasonable design of the system cause the accident. Reversing valve 3 in the process of doing pressure switching must go through a short process of valve mouth completely closed, in this process, because the pump output oil has no way to go, so that the system pressure suddenly rises, repeated pressure shock to make the hydraulic hose fatigue burst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \"14.
                            (a) incorrecto (b) correcto
                            14. sistemas hidr\u00e1ulicos mediante mangueras
                            1.2 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula de alivio; 3 \u2013 v\u00e1lvula direccional<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                            Una de las soluciones se muestra en la Figura 14 (b). Este ejemplo ilustra: incluso un cierre de salida muy corto puede causar un gran golpe de presi\u00f3n en el sistema hidr\u00e1ulico, y si no hay una manguera en el sistema, inevitablemente provocar\u00e1 da\u00f1os en la bomba hidr\u00e1ulica con el tiempo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n